Are you more likely to be exposed to germs on an airplane because of the recirculation of air? No, according to Wired, because the air is very well filtered and constantly exchanged with outside air. Now, I too have gotten that cold right after traveling. So I probably got that cold from something I touched at the airport T.G.I. Fridays. So the moral of the story, I think, is always remember to wash your hands at the airport before you pick your nose. Other theories I have come up with, without trying to collect a shred of scientific evidence, is that the dry air on planes dries out your mucous membranes so there is less of a barrier to germs, and/or that the general stress and lack of rest when you travel just wears down your body’s defenses to the ordinary garden-variety germs you encounter every day.
Category Archives: Web Article Review
making chemotherapy “a thing of the past”
From the BBC, this caught my eye:
Prime Minister David Cameron has said it “will see the UK lead the world in genetic research within years”.
The first genetic codes of people with cancer or rare diseases, out of a target of 100,000, have been sequenced.
Experts believe it will lead to targeted therapies and could make chemotherapy “a thing of the past”…
The project has now passed the 100 genome mark, with the aim of reaching 1,000 by the end of the year and 10,000 by the end of 2015
U.S. Drought Monitor
According to the United States Drought Monitor, the drought in California is getting pretty alarming.
mounting evidence from reservoir levels, river gauges, ground water observations, and socio-economic impacts warrant a further expansion of exceptional drought (D4) into northern California. For California’s 154 intrastate reservoirs, storage at the end of June stood at 60% of the historical average. Although this is not a record for this time of year—the standard remains 41% of average on June 30, 1977—storage has fallen to 17.3 million acre-feet. As a result, California is short more than one year’s worth of reservoir water, or 11.6 million acre-feet, for this time of year. The historical average warm-season drawdown of California’s 154 reservoirs totals 8.2 million acre-feet, but usage during the first 2 years of the drought, in 2012 and 2013, averaged 11.5 million acre-feet.
Given the 3-year duration of the drought, California’s topsoil moisture (80% very short to short) and subsoil moisture (85%) reserves are nearly depleted. The state’s rangeland and pastures were rated 70% very poor to poor on July 27. USDA reported that “range and non-irrigated pasture conditions continued to deteriorate” and that “supplemental feeding of hay and nutrients continued as range quality declined.” In recent days, new wildfires have collectively charred several thousand acres of vegetation in northern and central California. The destructive Sand fire, north of Plymouth, California—now largely contained—burned more than 4,000 acres and consumed 66 structures, including 19 residences.
more on NetLogo
Here is a video on Youtube with more information on the agent-based modeling system Netlogo. I am intrigued by the claim, even though it is such a cliche, that even a child can use it.
the zombie cat virus
If there’s one thing I don’t put a whole lot of stock in, it’s scientific and medical information provided by random websites. Like this one, Corante, which claims that toxoplasma, a virus that incubates in cats, affects rats’ brains so that they are less afraid of cats. Then it goes on to suggest that half of all people are infected with this virus, and that it has unknown, subtle but possibly harmful effects on people. It just makes me think about how little we really know about most of the vast community of microorganisms inhabiting our bodies. The scariest thing would be something that is harmful, but has a long incubation period so it can infect a large fraction of the population before we are even aware of it.
Ebola
The Ebola situation makes for some scary headlines. From the CDC, the number of cases as I write this (July 31) in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone is 1,322 of which 728 (55%) have died.
Ebola is a disease with no known cure which incubates in bats. To put these numbers in perspective, Wikipedia says that 8,231 people in Haiti have died of cholera since 2010, a disease we know the exact cause of and exactly how to prevent (clean drinking water) and treat (staying hydrated with clean drinking water).
R and NetLogo
I had never heard of Netlogo, which is a programming language for simulating and teaching agent based models. Agent-based modeling is important because it might be the key to real quantitative simulation in economics and the social sciences. You can keep drilling down into the links in this post from R-bloggers until you either run out of time or find out everything you want to know about it.
“domed city” in Dubai
From this video on Youtube, Dubai is planning to enclose streets under glass and air condition them. It also looks like the concept has pedestrians and street cars at ground level and car traffic underneath. It also includes “the world’s largest mall”.
computer algorithm can identify dogs
Microsoft has posted this video on Youtube of new software that can identify a dog breed from a photo of a dog.
Why does this matter? Well, it looks like computers are getting better and better at doing things that human beings have always been better at. It’s easy to think of all sorts of disturbing intelligence and military applications, but also great scientific applications like sending a drone to inventory all the trees in a forest or fish in a lake.
nurse trees
I find the idea of “nurse trees” interesting. From Wikipedia:
A nurse tree is a larger, faster-growing tree that shelters a smaller, slower-growing tree or plant. The nurse tree can provide shade, shelter from wind, or protection from animals who would feed on the smaller plant.
Eventually the younger plant outcompetes the older one, and the older one dies, or I suppose it can be cut down by humans. I am thinking about how to apply these ecological concepts to give a helping hand in more urban areas. In my professional work on stormwater management, we often dig up urban soils and replace them with a manufactured soil mix that is more permeable to water and better for plant growth. But all that digging and trucking and waste disposal has a cost and an environmental impact, when we are doing all this to try to help downstream water quality. Maybe we can use carefully chosen trees or plants early on to loosen and add organic matter to the urban soils, then come back a year or two later and plant the trees and plants that we want for the long term. Even better if there is some plant mix where the first phase is faster growing, but then gradually gets out-competed by the second phase, just like the nurse tree concept described above.